Social capital and perceived loneliness among young people in Estonia

Questionnaire: social capital and perceived loneliness among young people in Estonia

Hi!

I am a student at Lund University currently conducting research for my master’s thesis. As part of my thesis, I am looking into the possible relationship between social capital, perceived loneliness and social networking sites (social media) usage for people living in Estonia aged 30 and under. Currently, there is limited research that studies the relationship between social capital and perceived loneliness in Estonia. However, due to the growing global concern surrounding increased rates of social disconnection and loneliness globally according to a recent report by the World Health Organization, studying it and understanding becomes increasingly important.

I would appreciate if you could take 15 minutes to fill in the survey. An important part of my research is understanding how social capital associates with aspects of loneliness. The questionnaire also includes open-ended questions and some general demographic questions.

Participation is completely voluntary, and you may skip any questions you do not wish to answer.

The survey is fully anonymous and I am using Lund University’s official survey tool (SUNET Survey) to carry out the data collection for my thesis. All data is processed locally on an encrypted drive and will not be shared to third parties.

If you have any questions or thoughts, you are more than welcome to contact me by email.

Thank you for your co-operation.

Kind regards,

Joosep Raudsepp

jo5121ra-s@student.lu.se

What is your gender?

Male
Female
Non-binary
Prefer not to say

How old are you?

Invalid, the value must be between 18 and 30

Approximately how much money do you receive every month after tax?

What is your current primary occupation?

What is the highest level of school you have completed?

What region of Estonia do you live in?

How long have you lived in your current city, town, village or municipality?

My whole life or almost my whole life
More than 3 years
Between 1 and 3 years
Less than 1 year

Where did you live before moving to this place?

In the same county
In a different county in Estonia
Abroad
This is my first place of residence / I have not moved

Are you an Estonian citizen?

Yes
No
Prefer not to say

10.

Were you born in Estonia?

Yes
No
Prefer not to say

11.

What is your current relationship status?

In a relationship and living together
In a relationship but living separately
Not currently in a relationship
Prefer not to say

12.

Please imagine a ladder with steps numbered from zero at the bottom to 10 at the top. The top of the ladder represents the best possible life for you and the bottom of the ladder represents the worst possible life for you.

On which step of the ladder would you say you personally feel you stand at this time?
On which step of the ladder do you think you will stand about five years from now?

Invalid, the value must be between 0 and 10

13.

How many people live in your household, yourself included?

14.

Who do you currently live with?
_{You may choose multiple options}

15.

How satisfied are you with your current living situation?
_{(1 - Not satisfied at all; 5 - Very satisfied)}

16.

What languages do you primarily speak at home?

18.

Generally speaking, would you say that most people can be trusted? [0 – most people cannot be trusted at all; 10 – most people can be trusted]

19.

Please write three words that describe how spending time with people in-person makes you feel:

Invalid value, it may not contain more than 50 characters

20.

Please write three words that describe how spending time on social media makes you feel:

Invalid value, it may not contain more than 50 characters

21.

How many of your family members would you say you have a close relationship with?

22.

How many people who are not members of your family would you say you have a close relationship with

23.

On average, how often do you do each of the following with any members of your family (e.g., brothers, sisters, parents, children)? Please do not include family members who live with you.

	Never	Every two months or less frequently	Once a month	Every two weeks	Every week	More than once a week	Daily	Prefer not to say
Meet up face-to-face (include both arranged and chance meetings)	Never, answer alternative for Meet up face-to-face (include both arranged and chance meetings)	Every two months or less frequently, answer alternative for Meet up face-to-face (include both arranged and chance meetings)	Once a month, answer alternative for Meet up face-to-face (include both arranged and chance meetings)	Every two weeks, answer alternative for Meet up face-to-face (include both arranged and chance meetings)	Every week, answer alternative for Meet up face-to-face (include both arranged and chance meetings)	More than once a week, answer alternative for Meet up face-to-face (include both arranged and chance meetings)	Daily, answer alternative for Meet up face-to-face (include both arranged and chance meetings)	Prefer not to say, answer alternative for Meet up face-to-face (include both arranged and chance meetings)
Talk/chat via phone, internet or social media	Never, answer alternative for Talk/chat via phone, internet or social media	Every two months or less frequently, answer alternative for Talk/chat via phone, internet or social media	Once a month, answer alternative for Talk/chat via phone, internet or social media	Every two weeks, answer alternative for Talk/chat via phone, internet or social media	Every week, answer alternative for Talk/chat via phone, internet or social media	More than once a week, answer alternative for Talk/chat via phone, internet or social media	Daily, answer alternative for Talk/chat via phone, internet or social media	Prefer not to say, answer alternative for Talk/chat via phone, internet or social media

24.

On average, how often do you do each of the following with any of your friends or acquaintances? Please do not include friends or acquaintances who live with you.

	Never	Every two months or less frequently	Once a month	Every two weeks	Every week	More than once a week	Daily	Prefer not to say
Meet up face-to-face (include both arranged and chance meetings)	Never, answer alternative for Meet up face-to-face (include both arranged and chance meetings)	Every two months or less frequently, answer alternative for Meet up face-to-face (include both arranged and chance meetings)	Once a month, answer alternative for Meet up face-to-face (include both arranged and chance meetings)	Every two weeks, answer alternative for Meet up face-to-face (include both arranged and chance meetings)	Every week, answer alternative for Meet up face-to-face (include both arranged and chance meetings)	More than once a week, answer alternative for Meet up face-to-face (include both arranged and chance meetings)	Daily, answer alternative for Meet up face-to-face (include both arranged and chance meetings)	Prefer not to say, answer alternative for Meet up face-to-face (include both arranged and chance meetings)
Talk/chat via phone, internet or social media	Never, answer alternative for Talk/chat via phone, internet or social media	Every two months or less frequently, answer alternative for Talk/chat via phone, internet or social media	Once a month, answer alternative for Talk/chat via phone, internet or social media	Every two weeks, answer alternative for Talk/chat via phone, internet or social media	Every week, answer alternative for Talk/chat via phone, internet or social media	More than once a week, answer alternative for Talk/chat via phone, internet or social media	Daily, answer alternative for Talk/chat via phone, internet or social media	Prefer not to say, answer alternative for Talk/chat via phone, internet or social media

25.

How often is each of the following types of support available to you, if you need it.

	None of the time	A little of the time	Some of the time	Most of the time	All of the time	Prefer not to say	Don’t know
Someone to help you if you were ill	None of the time, answer alternative for Someone to help you if you were ill	A little of the time, answer alternative for Someone to help you if you were ill	Some of the time, answer alternative for Someone to help you if you were ill	Most of the time, answer alternative for Someone to help you if you were ill	All of the time, answer alternative for Someone to help you if you were ill	Prefer not to say, answer alternative for Someone to help you if you were ill	Don’t know, answer alternative for Someone to help you if you were ill
Someone to share your most private worries and fears with	None of the time, answer alternative for Someone to share your most private worries and fears with	A little of the time, answer alternative for Someone to share your most private worries and fears with	Some of the time, answer alternative for Someone to share your most private worries and fears with	Most of the time, answer alternative for Someone to share your most private worries and fears with	All of the time, answer alternative for Someone to share your most private worries and fears with	Prefer not to say, answer alternative for Someone to share your most private worries and fears with	Don’t know, answer alternative for Someone to share your most private worries and fears with
Someone to do something enjoyable with	None of the time, answer alternative for Someone to do something enjoyable with	A little of the time, answer alternative for Someone to do something enjoyable with	Some of the time, answer alternative for Someone to do something enjoyable with	Most of the time, answer alternative for Someone to do something enjoyable with	All of the time, answer alternative for Someone to do something enjoyable with	Prefer not to say, answer alternative for Someone to do something enjoyable with	Don’t know, answer alternative for Someone to do something enjoyable with
Someone to love and make you feel wanted	None of the time, answer alternative for Someone to love and make you feel wanted	A little of the time, answer alternative for Someone to love and make you feel wanted	Some of the time, answer alternative for Someone to love and make you feel wanted	Most of the time, answer alternative for Someone to love and make you feel wanted	All of the time, answer alternative for Someone to love and make you feel wanted	Prefer not to say, answer alternative for Someone to love and make you feel wanted	Don’t know, answer alternative for Someone to love and make you feel wanted

26.

Do you participate in the activities of any club, association or organisation?

Yes, I participate in many
Yes, I participate in one
I do not participate

27.

Over the last 12 months, how frequently did you do each of the following activities?

	Never	Every two months or less frequently	Once a month	Every two weeks	Every week	More than once a week	Daily	Prefer not to say
Participated in social activities of a club, society and/or association	Never, answer alternative for Participated in social activities of a club, society and/or association	Every two months or less frequently, answer alternative for Participated in social activities of a club, society and/or association	Once a month, answer alternative for Participated in social activities of a club, society and/or association	Every two weeks, answer alternative for Participated in social activities of a club, society and/or association	Every week, answer alternative for Participated in social activities of a club, society and/or association	More than once a week, answer alternative for Participated in social activities of a club, society and/or association	Daily, answer alternative for Participated in social activities of a club, society and/or association	Prefer not to say, answer alternative for Participated in social activities of a club, society and/or association
Went to a museum, cinema, concert, and/or sport events	Never, answer alternative for Went to a museum, cinema, concert, and/or sport events	Every two months or less frequently, answer alternative for Went to a museum, cinema, concert, and/or sport events	Once a month, answer alternative for Went to a museum, cinema, concert, and/or sport events	Every two weeks, answer alternative for Went to a museum, cinema, concert, and/or sport events	Every week, answer alternative for Went to a museum, cinema, concert, and/or sport events	More than once a week, answer alternative for Went to a museum, cinema, concert, and/or sport events	Daily, answer alternative for Went to a museum, cinema, concert, and/or sport events	Prefer not to say, answer alternative for Went to a museum, cinema, concert, and/or sport events
Participated in a training course	Never, answer alternative for Participated in a training course	Every two months or less frequently, answer alternative for Participated in a training course	Once a month, answer alternative for Participated in a training course	Every two weeks, answer alternative for Participated in a training course	Every week, answer alternative for Participated in a training course	More than once a week, answer alternative for Participated in a training course	Daily, answer alternative for Participated in a training course	Prefer not to say, answer alternative for Participated in a training course

28.

If you needed practical, emotional or social support, do you feel you currently have people you could turn to? If you would like to, please describe your situation.

29.

How often do you personally need to meet close friends and family members face-to-face to not feel lonely?

30.

Please indicate for each of the statements, the extent to which they apply to your situation and the way you generally feel.

	Yes	More or less	No	Prefer not to say
I experience a general sense of emptiness	Yes, answer alternative for I experience a general sense of emptiness	More or less, answer alternative for I experience a general sense of emptiness	No, answer alternative for I experience a general sense of emptiness	Prefer not to say, answer alternative for I experience a general sense of emptiness
I miss having people around	Yes, answer alternative for I miss having people around	More or less, answer alternative for I miss having people around	No, answer alternative for I miss having people around	Prefer not to say, answer alternative for I miss having people around
I often feel rejected	Yes, answer alternative for I often feel rejected	More or less, answer alternative for I often feel rejected	No, answer alternative for I often feel rejected	Prefer not to say, answer alternative for I often feel rejected
There are plenty of people I can rely on when I have problems	Yes, answer alternative for There are plenty of people I can rely on when I have problems	More or less, answer alternative for There are plenty of people I can rely on when I have problems	No, answer alternative for There are plenty of people I can rely on when I have problems	Prefer not to say, answer alternative for There are plenty of people I can rely on when I have problems
There are many people I can trust completely	Yes, answer alternative for There are many people I can trust completely	More or less, answer alternative for There are many people I can trust completely	No, answer alternative for There are many people I can trust completely	Prefer not to say, answer alternative for There are many people I can trust completely
There are enough people that I feel close to	Yes, answer alternative for There are enough people that I feel close to	More or less, answer alternative for There are enough people that I feel close to	No, answer alternative for There are enough people that I feel close to	Prefer not to say, answer alternative for There are enough people that I feel close to

31.

Please indicate how often you feel each of the following:

	Hardly ever or never	Some of the time	Often	Prefer not to say
Feel that you lack companionship	Hardly ever or never, answer alternative for Feel that you lack companionship	Some of the time, answer alternative for Feel that you lack companionship	Often, answer alternative for Feel that you lack companionship	Prefer not to say, answer alternative for Feel that you lack companionship
Feel left out	Hardly ever or never, answer alternative for Feel left out	Some of the time, answer alternative for Feel left out	Often, answer alternative for Feel left out	Prefer not to say, answer alternative for Feel left out
Feel isolated from others	Hardly ever or never, answer alternative for Feel isolated from others	Some of the time, answer alternative for Feel isolated from others	Often, answer alternative for Feel isolated from others	Prefer not to say, answer alternative for Feel isolated from others

32.

How much of the time, during the past 4 weeks, have you been feeling lonely?

34.

Have you experienced any major life changes or disruptions in the past 12 months?

35.

When you have felt lonely, what do you think has contributed to it most?

36.

If you would like to, please elaborate on what you think has contributed to your feelings of loneliness:

37.

When answering these questions, please think about your interactions on social media as a whole. This includes (1) interactions with people you do not meet in-person as well as those who you know in-person, (2) private messages and public interactions such as commenting and posting.

	Strongly disagree	Disagree	Neither agree nor disagree	Agree	Strongly agree
There are several people who I could turn to in-person if I needed emotional support	Strongly disagree, answer alternative for There are several people who I could turn to in-person if I needed emotional support	Disagree, answer alternative for There are several people who I could turn to in-person if I needed emotional support	Neither agree nor disagree, answer alternative for There are several people who I could turn to in-person if I needed emotional support	Agree, answer alternative for There are several people who I could turn to in-person if I needed emotional support	Strongly agree, answer alternative for There are several people who I could turn to in-person if I needed emotional support
There are several people who I could turn to on social media if I needed emotional support	Strongly disagree, answer alternative for There are several people who I could turn to on social media if I needed emotional support	Disagree, answer alternative for There are several people who I could turn to on social media if I needed emotional support	Neither agree nor disagree, answer alternative for There are several people who I could turn to on social media if I needed emotional support	Agree, answer alternative for There are several people who I could turn to on social media if I needed emotional support	Strongly agree, answer alternative for There are several people who I could turn to on social media if I needed emotional support
There is no one on in-person that I feel comfortable talking to about intimate personal problems	Strongly disagree, answer alternative for There is no one on in-person that I feel comfortable talking to about intimate personal problems	Disagree, answer alternative for There is no one on in-person that I feel comfortable talking to about intimate personal problems	Neither agree nor disagree, answer alternative for There is no one on in-person that I feel comfortable talking to about intimate personal problems	Agree, answer alternative for There is no one on in-person that I feel comfortable talking to about intimate personal problems	Strongly agree, answer alternative for There is no one on in-person that I feel comfortable talking to about intimate personal problems
There is no one on social media I feel comfortable talking to about intimate personal problems	Strongly disagree, answer alternative for There is no one on social media I feel comfortable talking to about intimate personal problems	Disagree, answer alternative for There is no one on social media I feel comfortable talking to about intimate personal problems	Neither agree nor disagree, answer alternative for There is no one on social media I feel comfortable talking to about intimate personal problems	Agree, answer alternative for There is no one on social media I feel comfortable talking to about intimate personal problems	Strongly agree, answer alternative for There is no one on social media I feel comfortable talking to about intimate personal problems
When I feel lonely, there are several people who I can talk to in-person	Strongly disagree, answer alternative for When I feel lonely, there are several people who I can talk to in-person	Disagree, answer alternative for When I feel lonely, there are several people who I can talk to in-person	Neither agree nor disagree, answer alternative for When I feel lonely, there are several people who I can talk to in-person	Agree, answer alternative for When I feel lonely, there are several people who I can talk to in-person	Strongly agree, answer alternative for When I feel lonely, there are several people who I can talk to in-person
When I feel lonely, there are several people who I can talk to on social media	Strongly disagree, answer alternative for When I feel lonely, there are several people who I can talk to on social media	Disagree, answer alternative for When I feel lonely, there are several people who I can talk to on social media	Neither agree nor disagree, answer alternative for When I feel lonely, there are several people who I can talk to on social media	Agree, answer alternative for When I feel lonely, there are several people who I can talk to on social media	Strongly agree, answer alternative for When I feel lonely, there are several people who I can talk to on social media
If I needed an emergency loan of 500€, I know someone in-person I could turn to	Strongly disagree, answer alternative for If I needed an emergency loan of 500€, I know someone in-person I could turn to	Disagree, answer alternative for If I needed an emergency loan of 500€, I know someone in-person I could turn to	Neither agree nor disagree, answer alternative for If I needed an emergency loan of 500€, I know someone in-person I could turn to	Agree, answer alternative for If I needed an emergency loan of 500€, I know someone in-person I could turn to	Strongly agree, answer alternative for If I needed an emergency loan of 500€, I know someone in-person I could turn to
If I needed an emergency loan of 500€, I know someone on social media I could turn to	Strongly disagree, answer alternative for If I needed an emergency loan of 500€, I know someone on social media I could turn to	Disagree, answer alternative for If I needed an emergency loan of 500€, I know someone on social media I could turn to	Neither agree nor disagree, answer alternative for If I needed an emergency loan of 500€, I know someone on social media I could turn to	Agree, answer alternative for If I needed an emergency loan of 500€, I know someone on social media I could turn to	Strongly agree, answer alternative for If I needed an emergency loan of 500€, I know someone on social media I could turn to
I do not know people in-person well enough to get them to do anything important	Strongly disagree, answer alternative for I do not know people in-person well enough to get them to do anything important	Disagree, answer alternative for I do not know people in-person well enough to get them to do anything important	Neither agree nor disagree, answer alternative for I do not know people in-person well enough to get them to do anything important	Agree, answer alternative for I do not know people in-person well enough to get them to do anything important	Strongly agree, answer alternative for I do not know people in-person well enough to get them to do anything important
I do not know people on social media well enough to get them to do anything important	Strongly disagree, answer alternative for I do not know people on social media well enough to get them to do anything important	Disagree, answer alternative for I do not know people on social media well enough to get them to do anything important	Neither agree nor disagree, answer alternative for I do not know people on social media well enough to get them to do anything important	Agree, answer alternative for I do not know people on social media well enough to get them to do anything important	Strongly agree, answer alternative for I do not know people on social media well enough to get them to do anything important
Interacting with people in-person makes me interested in things that happen outside of where I live	Strongly disagree, answer alternative for Interacting with people in-person makes me interested in things that happen outside of where I live	Disagree, answer alternative for Interacting with people in-person makes me interested in things that happen outside of where I live	Neither agree nor disagree, answer alternative for Interacting with people in-person makes me interested in things that happen outside of where I live	Agree, answer alternative for Interacting with people in-person makes me interested in things that happen outside of where I live	Strongly agree, answer alternative for Interacting with people in-person makes me interested in things that happen outside of where I live
Interacting with people on social media make me interested in things that happen outside of where I live	Strongly disagree, answer alternative for Interacting with people on social media make me interested in things that happen outside of where I live	Disagree, answer alternative for Interacting with people on social media make me interested in things that happen outside of where I live	Neither agree nor disagree, answer alternative for Interacting with people on social media make me interested in things that happen outside of where I live	Agree, answer alternative for Interacting with people on social media make me interested in things that happen outside of where I live	Strongly agree, answer alternative for Interacting with people on social media make me interested in things that happen outside of where I live
Interacting with people in-person makes me interested in what people unlike me are thinking	Strongly disagree, answer alternative for Interacting with people in-person makes me interested in what people unlike me are thinking	Disagree, answer alternative for Interacting with people in-person makes me interested in what people unlike me are thinking	Neither agree nor disagree, answer alternative for Interacting with people in-person makes me interested in what people unlike me are thinking	Agree, answer alternative for Interacting with people in-person makes me interested in what people unlike me are thinking	Strongly agree, answer alternative for Interacting with people in-person makes me interested in what people unlike me are thinking
Interacting with people on social media makes me interested in what people unlike me are thinking	Strongly disagree, answer alternative for Interacting with people on social media makes me interested in what people unlike me are thinking	Disagree, answer alternative for Interacting with people on social media makes me interested in what people unlike me are thinking	Neither agree nor disagree, answer alternative for Interacting with people on social media makes me interested in what people unlike me are thinking	Agree, answer alternative for Interacting with people on social media makes me interested in what people unlike me are thinking	Strongly agree, answer alternative for Interacting with people on social media makes me interested in what people unlike me are thinking
I am willing to spend time in-person to support community activities	Strongly disagree, answer alternative for I am willing to spend time in-person to support community activities	Disagree, answer alternative for I am willing to spend time in-person to support community activities	Neither agree nor disagree, answer alternative for I am willing to spend time in-person to support community activities	Agree, answer alternative for I am willing to spend time in-person to support community activities	Strongly agree, answer alternative for I am willing to spend time in-person to support community activities
I come in contact with new people all the time (on social media)	Strongly disagree, answer alternative for I come in contact with new people all the time (on social media)	Disagree, answer alternative for I come in contact with new people all the time (on social media)	Neither agree nor disagree, answer alternative for I come in contact with new people all the time (on social media)	Agree, answer alternative for I come in contact with new people all the time (on social media)	Strongly agree, answer alternative for I come in contact with new people all the time (on social media)
Interacting with people in-person gives me new people to talk to	Strongly disagree, answer alternative for Interacting with people in-person gives me new people to talk to	Disagree, answer alternative for Interacting with people in-person gives me new people to talk to	Neither agree nor disagree, answer alternative for Interacting with people in-person gives me new people to talk to	Agree, answer alternative for Interacting with people in-person gives me new people to talk to	Strongly agree, answer alternative for Interacting with people in-person gives me new people to talk to
Interacting with people on social media gives me new people to talk to	Strongly disagree, answer alternative for Interacting with people on social media gives me new people to talk to	Disagree, answer alternative for Interacting with people on social media gives me new people to talk to	Neither agree nor disagree, answer alternative for Interacting with people on social media gives me new people to talk to	Agree, answer alternative for Interacting with people on social media gives me new people to talk to	Strongly agree, answer alternative for Interacting with people on social media gives me new people to talk to
I come in contact with new people all the time (in-person)	Strongly disagree, answer alternative for I come in contact with new people all the time (in-person)	Disagree, answer alternative for I come in contact with new people all the time (in-person)	Neither agree nor disagree, answer alternative for I come in contact with new people all the time (in-person)	Agree, answer alternative for I come in contact with new people all the time (in-person)	Strongly agree, answer alternative for I come in contact with new people all the time (in-person)
I come in contact with new people all the time (on social media)	Strongly disagree, answer alternative for I come in contact with new people all the time (on social media)	Disagree, answer alternative for I come in contact with new people all the time (on social media)	Neither agree nor disagree, answer alternative for I come in contact with new people all the time (on social media)	Agree, answer alternative for I come in contact with new people all the time (on social media)	Strongly agree, answer alternative for I come in contact with new people all the time (on social media)

38.

When you use social media, how often do you actively interact with others (e.g. commenting, messaging or posting)?

39.

When you use social media, how often do you consume content without commenting or messaging?

40.

What role does social media play in your social life and relationships?

41.

How many hours per day do you typically spend on social media?

42.

Please give a response to the following statements regarding social media usage:

	Very rarely	Rarely	Sometimes	Often	Very often	Not applicable	Prefer not to say
I spend a lot of time thinking about social media or planning how to use it	Very rarely, answer alternative for I spend a lot of time thinking about social media or planning how to use it	Rarely, answer alternative for I spend a lot of time thinking about social media or planning how to use it	Sometimes, answer alternative for I spend a lot of time thinking about social media or planning how to use it	Often, answer alternative for I spend a lot of time thinking about social media or planning how to use it	Very often, answer alternative for I spend a lot of time thinking about social media or planning how to use it	Not applicable, answer alternative for I spend a lot of time thinking about social media or planning how to use it	Prefer not to say, answer alternative for I spend a lot of time thinking about social media or planning how to use it
I feel an urge to use social media more and more	Very rarely, answer alternative for I feel an urge to use social media more and more	Rarely, answer alternative for I feel an urge to use social media more and more	Sometimes, answer alternative for I feel an urge to use social media more and more	Often, answer alternative for I feel an urge to use social media more and more	Very often, answer alternative for I feel an urge to use social media more and more	Not applicable, answer alternative for I feel an urge to use social media more and more	Prefer not to say, answer alternative for I feel an urge to use social media more and more
I use social media in order to forget about personal problems	Very rarely, answer alternative for I use social media in order to forget about personal problems	Rarely, answer alternative for I use social media in order to forget about personal problems	Sometimes, answer alternative for I use social media in order to forget about personal problems	Often, answer alternative for I use social media in order to forget about personal problems	Very often, answer alternative for I use social media in order to forget about personal problems	Not applicable, answer alternative for I use social media in order to forget about personal problems	Prefer not to say, answer alternative for I use social media in order to forget about personal problems
I have tried to cut down on the use of social media without success	Very rarely, answer alternative for I have tried to cut down on the use of social media without success	Rarely, answer alternative for I have tried to cut down on the use of social media without success	Sometimes, answer alternative for I have tried to cut down on the use of social media without success	Often, answer alternative for I have tried to cut down on the use of social media without success	Very often, answer alternative for I have tried to cut down on the use of social media without success	Not applicable, answer alternative for I have tried to cut down on the use of social media without success	Prefer not to say, answer alternative for I have tried to cut down on the use of social media without success
I become restless or troubled if I cannot use social media	Very rarely, answer alternative for I become restless or troubled if I cannot use social media	Rarely, answer alternative for I become restless or troubled if I cannot use social media	Sometimes, answer alternative for I become restless or troubled if I cannot use social media	Often, answer alternative for I become restless or troubled if I cannot use social media	Very often, answer alternative for I become restless or troubled if I cannot use social media	Not applicable, answer alternative for I become restless or troubled if I cannot use social media	Prefer not to say, answer alternative for I become restless or troubled if I cannot use social media
I use social media so much that it has had a negative impact on my job or studies.	Very rarely, answer alternative for I use social media so much that it has had a negative impact on my job or studies.	Rarely, answer alternative for I use social media so much that it has had a negative impact on my job or studies.	Sometimes, answer alternative for I use social media so much that it has had a negative impact on my job or studies.	Often, answer alternative for I use social media so much that it has had a negative impact on my job or studies.	Very often, answer alternative for I use social media so much that it has had a negative impact on my job or studies.	Not applicable, answer alternative for I use social media so much that it has had a negative impact on my job or studies.	Prefer not to say, answer alternative for I use social media so much that it has had a negative impact on my job or studies.

43.

Thank you for taking your time to respond to this survey! If you would like, you can write anything you would like to add that you feel is relevant and was not covered in the questions.